18 October 2008

Remote tanpa password dengan tiga computer.

Ssh-keygen akan menghasilkan kunci untuk otentifikasi ssh. Ssh-keygen dapat membuat RSA kunci untuk digunakan pada protocol SSH versi 1 kunci DSA dan RSA ataupun SSH versi 2. Dengan kunci tersebut dapat dijadikan sebuah otentifikasi ssh yg baru dengan tidak menggunakan password user.

Sebaiknya ssh-keygen tidak digunakan pada user root untuk menjaga keamanan dan kerahasiaan system.

Saya melakukan demo ini menggunakan debian etch dan tiga computer. Ketiga Computer ini akan saya buat user globus yang sama. Kemudian dimasing-masing computer melakukan perintah :

globus@nodea:~$ ssh-keygen

Jika meminta memasukkan “passprhase” lakukan “enter”.Yang perlu diingat, pada saat proses selanjutnya jangan mengulang perintah diatas agar tidak terjadi perubahan kunci. Jika dilakukan maka lakukan langkahnya dari awal lagi.

Setelah perintah ‘ssh-keygen’ dieksekusi maka terbentuklah satu file kunci yang nantinya akan ditempel dimasing-masing computer. File tersebut adalah “id_rsa.pub” yang berada di ~/.ssh/

globus@nodea:~$ ls -al .ssh/

total 24

drwxr-xr-x 2 globus globus 4096 2008-10-01 03:44 .

drwxr-xr-x 20 globus globus 4096 2008-10-02 05:38 ..

-rw-r--r-- 1 globus globus 789 2008-10-01 03:44 authorized_keys

-rw------- 1 globus globus 1675 2008-10-01 03:42 id_rsa

-rw-r--r-- 1 globus globus 394 2008-10-01 03:42 id_rsa.pub

-rw-r--r-- 1 globus globus 1768 2008-10-01 03:45 known_hosts

Isi file tersebut seperti ini :

globus@nodea:~$ cat .ssh/id_rsa.pub

ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEA1Y5DmyP4PP0GVJl+UTEmCaVBfxyNHcZc0L7XetnMBMNFuji4BF2LCt9HkKB7WSYaVc2Cfzlgt+ro7Q6/rBavzmIgQ3vYkW9TGmGsIFGQYJZochr75I1sNubmXIHqVxcMGQynV0ehKvqjVD70o9A5wYZmFr6HygSdFxcQGxkTXZTf8kPBWY75z+kg9G+HE3po+qyAlZ/GAcBzj+Y5zKiWMZ5LkaTnaAArZnG2SvEUwcoUN5KyYy8OrBpxWA2hFJBK+XT6i1rIZTKnDBPuFbsu5YcDupXv2gJMQUKEVdwLYih0MlZdqUcim4p5Gop37vSrGV2PD30AjInHXLR17gdHCQ== globus@nodea

globus@nodeb:~$ cat .ssh/id_rsa.pub

ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEApdlCVz5SnQcHuuz+iXNa21qzxLbnMnbkx2cgt/g4bkC4rjTJYZsd9otjHHPEV+erzi+mau4wmwD7x1/EalOnDKcwyYdrZjIFIaiI7qevJZQRqL2PVAgf7i+enpSUcQohX01g7meflkYYQcFFip1xwt8j/UDcQ8p+cPItTIBbRFV6iIR3Ubml8KQpfw8osYp7Z3cK+WjuQF3R0PBrAzBC4GrIXRwPhi1RaUHamHT8xMwg8vzzfr1E7Tk/yXJ7v7fBWks7rMHUwPA7zklAryIl3hgwCyA3YCuzeHfVJCBKUika8+GH6BH7ko2pLLPSTgT6eWdrITlC5P7/6bCVw0UDcw== globus@nodeb

globus@nodec:~$ cat .ssh/id_rsa.pub

ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEA0C7sXKK4JiTjEUw11LC5Jw/QF+7bDldpX05zu8s74/RdNvGm/cz/TNzSaUggWCnK28ubSRwTukKU0HJ2abYJmhDXLk323tPSG5fJPwXE4WVXS32Q6FuEsbiuOs2Y1i2kozlf5OR0KQGH0U3wiI/1tWgHube2lYpBxENooWBoTBIy1OvwID2un6tGp2DssfZ5LBY5dWXnW0o4j0MthwtRDk7aj4DHhUSe/EKkOwnCEjz5pA9JG6FRy7flXmcfrbyDVPLeby32vryKvAupZIOlQLjlx9S2hoFMIbeCuAkJv0LYZYSl1CPJlHX/+PirnUR05TIngchFGMin4NmhPaKYtw== globus@nodec

Isi file kunci berbeda-beda di setiap computer. Langkah selanjutnya adalah melakukan “copy” file “id_rsa.pub” ke setiap computer.

globus@nodea:~/.ssh$ scp id_rsa.pub globus@nodeb:~/.ssh/darinodea

globus@nodeb's password:

id_rsa.pub 100% 394 0.4KB/s 00:00

globus@nodea:~/.ssh$ scp id_rsa.pub globus@nodec:~/.ssh/darinodea

globus@nodec's password:

id_rsa.pub 100% 394 0.4KB/s 00:00

globus@nodeb:~/.ssh$ scp -r id_rsa.pub globus@nodea:~/.ssh/darinodeb

globus@nodea's password:

id_rsa.pub 100% 394 0.4KB/s 00:00

globus@nodeb:~/.ssh$ scp -r id_rsa.pub globus@nodec:~/.ssh/darinodeb

globus@nodec's password:

id_rsa.pub 100% 394 0.4KB/s 00:00

globus@nodec:~/.ssh$ scp -r id_rsa.pub globus@nodea:~/.ssh/darinodec

globus@nodea's password:

id_rsa.pub 100% 394 0.4KB/s 00:00

globus@nodec:~/.ssh$ scp -r id_rsa.pub globus@nodeb:~/.ssh/darinodec

The authenticity of host 'nodeb (192.168.72.11)' can't be established.

RSA key fingerprint is 9d:54:26:69:ef:4b:c8:bb:7e:41:18:6a:70:92:19:1e.

Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes

Warning: Permanently added 'nodeb' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.

globus@nodeb's password:

id_rsa.pub 100% 394 0.4KB/s 00:00

Setelah itu buat file “authorized_keys” difolder ‘~/.ssh/’ dan masukkan kunci RSA yang dicopy ke dalam file tersebut.

globus@nodec:~/.ssh$ ls

authorized_keys1 darinodea darinodeb id_rsa id_rsa.pub known_hosts

globus@nodec:~/.ssh$ cat darinodea >> authorized_keys

globus@nodec:~/.ssh$ cat darinodeb >> authorized_keys

globus@nodec:~/.ssh$ cat authorized_keys

ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEA1Y5DmyP4PP0GVJl+UTEmCaVBfxyNHcZc0L7XetnMBMNFuji4BF2LCt9HkKB7WSYaVc2Cfzlgt+ro7Q6/rBavzmIgQ3vYkW9TGmGsIFGQYJZochr75I1sNubmXIHqVxcMGQynV0ehKvqjVD70o9A5wYZmFr6HygSdFxcQGxkTXZTf8kPBWY75z+kg9G+HE3po+qyAlZ/GAcBzj+Y5zKiWMZ5LkaTnaAArZnG2SvEUwcoUN5KyYy8OrBpxWA2hFJBK+XT6i1rIZTKnDBPuFbsu5YcDupXv2gJMQUKEVdwLYih0MlZdqUcim4p5Gop37vSrGV2PD30AjInHXLR17gdHCQ== globus@nodea

ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEApdlCVz5SnQcHuuz+iXNa21qzxLbnMnbkx2cgt/g4bkC4rjTJYZsd9otjHHPEV+erzi+mau4wmwD7x1/EalOnDKcwyYdrZjIFIaiI7qevJZQRqL2PVAgf7i+enpSUcQohX01g7meflkYYQcFFip1xwt8j/UDcQ8p+cPItTIBbRFV6iIR3Ubml8KQpfw8osYp7Z3cK+WjuQF3R0PBrAzBC4GrIXRwPhi1RaUHamHT8xMwg8vzzfr1E7Tk/yXJ7v7fBWks7rMHUwPA7zklAryIl3hgwCyA3YCuzeHfVJCBKUika8+GH6BH7ko2pLLPSTgT6eWdrITlC5P7/6bCVw0UDcw== globus@nodeb

globus@nodeb:~/.ssh$ cat darinodea >> authorized_keys

globus@nodeb:~/.ssh$ cat darinodec >> authorized_keys

globus@nodeb:~/.ssh$ cat authorized_keys

ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEA1Y5DmyP4PP0GVJl+UTEmCaVBfxyNHcZc0L7XetnMBMNFuji4BF2LCt9HkKB7WSYaVc2Cfzlgt+ro7Q6/rBavzmIgQ3vYkW9TGmGsIFGQYJZochr75I1sNubmXIHqVxcMGQynV0ehKvqjVD70o9A5wYZmFr6HygSdFxcQGxkTXZTf8kPBWY75z+kg9G+HE3po+qyAlZ/GAcBzj+Y5zKiWMZ5LkaTnaAArZnG2SvEUwcoUN5KyYy8OrBpxWA2hFJBK+XT6i1rIZTKnDBPuFbsu5YcDupXv2gJMQUKEVdwLYih0MlZdqUcim4p5Gop37vSrGV2PD30AjInHXLR17gdHCQ== globus@nodea

ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEA0C7sXKK4JiTjEUw11LC5Jw/QF+7bDldpX05zu8s74/RdNvGm/cz/TNzSaUggWCnK28ubSRwTukKU0HJ2abYJmhDXLk323tPSG5fJPwXE4WVXS32Q6FuEsbiuOs2Y1i2kozlf5OR0KQGH0U3wiI/1tWgHube2lYpBxENooWBoTBIy1OvwID2un6tGp2DssfZ5LBY5dWXnW0o4j0MthwtRDk7aj4DHhUSe/EKkOwnCEjz5pA9JG6FRy7flXmcfrbyDVPLeby32vryKvAupZIOlQLjlx9S2hoFMIbeCuAkJv0LYZYSl1CPJlHX/+PirnUR05TIngchFGMin4NmhPaKYtw== globus@nodec

globus@nodea:~/.ssh$ cat darinodeb >> authorized_keys

globus@nodea:~/.ssh$ cat darinodec >> authorized_keys

globus@nodea:~/.ssh$ cat authorized_keys

ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEApdlCVz5SnQcHuuz+iXNa21qzxLbnMnbkx2cgt/g4bkC4rjTJYZsd9otjHHPEV+erzi+mau4wmwD7x1/EalOnDKcwyYdrZjIFIaiI7qevJZQRqL2PVAgf7i+enpSUcQohX01g7meflkYYQcFFip1xwt8j/UDcQ8p+cPItTIBbRFV6iIR3Ubml8KQpfw8osYp7Z3cK+WjuQF3R0PBrAzBC4GrIXRwPhi1RaUHamHT8xMwg8vzzfr1E7Tk/yXJ7v7fBWks7rMHUwPA7zklAryIl3hgwCyA3YCuzeHfVJCBKUika8+GH6BH7ko2pLLPSTgT6eWdrITlC5P7/6bCVw0UDcw== globus@nodeb

ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEA0C7sXKK4JiTjEUw11LC5Jw/QF+7bDldpX05zu8s74/RdNvGm/cz/TNzSaUggWCnK28ubSRwTukKU0HJ2abYJmhDXLk323tPSG5fJPwXE4WVXS32Q6FuEsbiuOs2Y1i2kozlf5OR0KQGH0U3wiI/1tWgHube2lYpBxENooWBoTBIy1OvwID2un6tGp2DssfZ5LBY5dWXnW0o4j0MthwtRDk7aj4DHhUSe/EKkOwnCEjz5pA9JG6FRy7flXmcfrbyDVPLeby32vryKvAupZIOlQLjlx9S2hoFMIbeCuAkJv0LYZYSl1CPJlHX/+PirnUR05TIngchFGMin4NmhPaKYtw== globus@nodec

Setelah langkah di atas dilaksanakan sebenarnya remote terminal tanpa password dapat digunakan.

Cara pengetesan dengan melakukan remote dengan ‘ssh’ pada masing-masing computer. Contohnya :

globus@nodea:~$ ssh globus@nodeb

Linux nodeb 2.6.18-6-686 #1 SMP Tue Jun 17 21:31:27 UTC 2008 i686

The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;

the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the

individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent

permitted by applicable law.

Last login: Sun Sep 28 12:49:53 2008 from nodec.sttpln.ac.id

globus@nodeb:~$

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